Pet Allergies

Saturday, December 01, 2007

Patricia Smillie-Scavelli
Administrator
Garden State Veterinary Specialists

Skin diseases typically constitute 25% of the cases seen by small animal veterinarians in their practice. Owners present their pets to the veterinarian with a variety of complaints, including: itching, dandruff, blackheads, body odor, crusting, redness, rashes and oiliness. The causes of these problematic skin conditions are varied and require the help of a veterinarian to determine. Diet and environmental factors are the most common causes but an underlying medical condition could also be the source of the trouble. Elimination diet trials are usually the first step in the evaluation process.

A food allergy is a reaction to a food that is ingested by the immune system. Cats often become allergic to their most common protein such as tuna. Dogs can become allergic to proteins like chicken and beef. Besides itchiness, a dog may also experience gastrointestinal signs such as chronic vomiting, diarrhea, and frequent bowel movements. In a food trial, the diet chosen will use a “novel” protein and carbohydrate source that your pet will not have eaten in the past. In this manner, the cause of a reaction can be isolated more easily.

Dogs who are suffering from allergies experience irritation in certain parts of the body such as the ears, around the eyes and mouth, abdomen and the area surrounding the anus. In cats, their allergic pattern is different; it may be reflected in hair loss or be seen as a rash of tiny seed-like scabs in different areas of the body.

In the winter, just as with humans, pets are confined inside their home with the doors and windows closed. These are the kinds of conditions that increase exposure to certain allergens. Dust in carpets, mold and the dryness of heating systems can all prompt an allergic reaction.

There are several treatment options for a pet with allergies including cortisone-type medications, antihistamines, fatty acid supplements, cyclosporine, topicals and hyposensitization. Just as people have allergy shots, pets can as well.

If your pet is experiencing any of the symptoms discussed in this article, schedule an appointment to see your primary veterinarian. Should your veterinarian feel that your pet requires further diagnostic tests or a consultation with a specialist, there are board certified dermatologists who are specifically trained to diagnosis and treat skin related diseases and allergies.

This article is for informational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for the professional advice of your veterinarian.

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