Dog Anal Gland Infection: How Serious Is It?

Dog anal gland infections can transform from a minor irritation to a serious medical emergency in just a few days. The telltale scooting behavior that many owners dismiss as normal could actually signal an infection brewing in these small but important scent glands.

Understanding when an anal gland infection requires immediate veterinary attention versus when it can wait for a regular appointment can save your dog from unnecessary pain and complications. Let's explore what you need to know to protect your furry family member.

Top Questions About Dog Anal Gland Infections

When is an anal gland infection an emergency?

Anal gland infections become emergencies when you notice severe swelling, pus discharge with a strong fishy odor, or your dog showing signs of intense pain. If your dog can't sit comfortably or cries when the area is touched, seek veterinary care right away. Ruptured anal gland abscesses need quick attention to prevent infection from spreading to surrounding tissues.

How can I tell if my dog's anal glands are infected?

Watch for your dog scooting their rear end across the floor, excessively licking the area, or showing pain when sitting down. Some dogs appear restless, have difficulty getting comfortable, or resist having their tail or rear end touched. You might also notice swelling near the anus or a strong, unpleasant odor. These signs suggest your dog needs veterinary attention.

What should I do if my dog's condition worsens at night?

Call an emergency veterinary hospital immediately if your dog's condition gets worse after hours. Place a clean towel in your dog's bed or carrier to catch any discharge. Keep track of when symptoms started and any changes you've noticed to share with the veterinarian. Don't wait until morning if your dog shows signs of severe pain or if an abscess has ruptured.

Why Dogs Get Anal Gland Infections

Anal gland infections happen when the small sacs on either side of your dog's anus become blocked. These glands normally produce a strong-smelling fluid that empties when your dog poops. When the ducts get clogged, bacteria can grow inside the glands, causing infection. Small breed dogs, overweight dogs, and those with food allergies or skin problems have higher risks of developing these infections.

Spotting Mild Cases

Mild anal gland infections typically show up as occasional scooting, slight odor, or your dog licking the area more than usual. Your dog may still eat normally and remain active despite these symptoms. You might notice a slight swelling near the anus or a small amount of brownish discharge when your dog poops. These mild cases need attention but may not require emergency care if your dog stays comfortable and the symptoms don't quickly worsen.

Recognizing Serious Cases

Serious anal gland infections involve noticeable swelling that appears red and feels warm to the touch. Your dog may show extreme discomfort, refuse to sit, or cry out when the area is approached. A visible abscess, bloody or pus-filled discharge, or fever indicates an advanced infection requiring quick care. Dogs with serious infections often show whole-body symptoms like low energy, reduced appetite, or unusual aggression when the painful area is touched.

What To Do

Step 1: Create a comfortable space

Make a clean, comfortable area for your dog using washable bedding that can be easily changed if soiled. Keep your dog from licking or biting the affected area by using a protective collar if needed. Keep other pets away from the affected dog to reduce stress and prevent contamination from any discharge.

Step 2: Call a veterinary hospital

Describe your dog's symptoms and get guidance on next steps. Be ready to explain when you first noticed the problem, how your dog's behavior has changed, and any visible signs like swelling or discharge. Ask about current wait times and whether they recommend bringing your dog in right away or scheduling with your regular veterinarian.

Step 3: Watch for changes

Keep track of any changes in your dog's condition while waiting for veterinary care. Note if swelling increases, if discharge changes in color or amount, or if your dog becomes more uncomfortable. Take photos of the affected area (if possible without causing stress) to show progression and help the veterinarian assess the severity.

Potential Serious Conditions

Ruptured Abscess

A ruptured anal gland abscess creates an open wound that can allow bacteria to spread into deeper tissues. The rupture site appears as an open, draining wound near the anus with bloody or pus-filled discharge. Dogs with ruptured abscesses need quick veterinary attention to clean the wound, provide appropriate medication, and prevent serious complications.

Advanced Tissue Damage

Untreated anal gland infections can cause lasting damage to surrounding tissues. The infection may spread to nearby structures, creating abnormal connections between tissues or causing damage to the rectum. Long-term infections can lead to scarring that makes future problems more likely. In rare but serious cases, anal gland tumors may develop, which can be life-threatening if not addressed quickly.

Helping Your Pet Before the Vet Visit

Gentle Cleaning

If discharge is present, gently clean the area with warm water on a soft cloth. Avoid using soaps or other cleaning products unless specifically directed by a veterinarian. Pat the area dry gently after cleaning. Call your veterinarian for guidance on whether to continue cleaning the area or leave it alone until your appointment.

Keeping Your Dog Comfortable

Help your dog rest by providing a quiet, warm place with soft bedding. Take shorter, more frequent walks if your dog can walk comfortably. Speak calmly to reduce stress, as anxiety can increase pain. Avoid touching the painful area repeatedly, which can cause additional stress.

Preventing Future Infections

Adding fiber to your dog's diet can help naturally express the anal glands during normal pooping. Talk with your veterinarian about appropriate fiber supplements or high-fiber foods for your dog's specific needs. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces pressure on the anal glands and lowers infection risk. Regular check-ups allow your veterinarian to examine the anal glands and express them if needed before problems develop.

We're Here to Help

Our hospitals provide care for dogs with anal gland infections, from mild cases to serious emergencies. For mild symptoms like occasional scooting or slight odor, scheduling with your primary veterinarian is appropriate. If you notice severe swelling, significant pain, or discharge, call an emergency veterinary hospital right away for guidance. Our veterinary teams can assess the severity of infection and determine whether medical management or surgical intervention is needed.

If you're not sure whether your dog's symptoms require emergency care, call us — we can talk you through the situation.

Key Takeaways

• Watch for scooting, licking the anal area, or difficulty sitting as early warning signs that need veterinary attention.
• Severe swelling, discharge, or intense pain indicates a serious infection requiring quick care.
• Regular veterinary check-ups and maintaining your dog's healthy weight naturally reduce the risk of anal gland problems.