Choking is one of the most frightening emergencies a dog owner can face, with only seconds to act before serious harm occurs. Knowing how to perform the dog Heimlich maneuver properly could mean the difference between life and death for your beloved pet.
The dog Heimlich maneuver uses abdominal thrusts to force air from the lungs and dislodge objects blocking the airway. This simple technique can be performed by any pet owner, but knowing when and how to use it correctly is essential for your dog's safety.
Top Questions About Dog Heimlich
When is a dog choking an emergency?
The dog Heimlich maneuver is a life-saving technique used when a dog is choking and cannot breathe. A choking emergency exists when your dog can't make sounds, has blue-tinged gums, or shows panic while struggling to breathe. These signs indicate an airway blockage that needs quick help to prevent serious complications.
What if I see something in my dog's throat?
If you can clearly see an object in your dog's throat, attempt to remove it only if it's easily accessible. Never push your fingers deep into your dog's throat as this could push the object further down. If the object isn't easily removable or your dog resists, proceed with the Heimlich maneuver and seek emergency care right away.
Can I use the same technique for small and large dogs?
The basic principle is the same for all dogs, but positioning varies based on size. Small dogs can be held against your chest while larger dogs require you to stand behind them or place them on their side. Always adjust the force of your thrusts according to your dog's size to avoid causing harm.
Is it an emergency even if my dog is still breathing?
Yes, it can still be an emergency even if your dog is partially breathing. Partial blockages can quickly become complete blockages. If your dog is coughing forcefully but still getting some air, monitor them closely while heading to an emergency clinic.
Why Dogs Choke
Dogs explore the world with their mouths, making them prone to choking on various objects. Common choking hazards include small toys, balls, bones, sticks, and food chunks. Dogs who eat rapidly are at higher risk of choking on their food or treats.
Spotting Mild Cases
In mild choking cases, dogs may cough forcefully, paw at their mouth, or drool excessively. They might still breathe partially and remain alert. These dogs are trying to clear the blockage themselves through coughing.
Watch for worsening signs such as increased stress or breathing difficulty. Call your veterinarian for guidance if you're unsure about the severity.
Recognizing Serious Cases
Serious choking requires quick action. Look for signs like inability to make sounds, blue-tinged gums, excessive drooling, and panic. Your dog may stand with legs spread wide, extending their neck forward trying to breathe.
Other warning signs include collapse, loss of consciousness, or frantic pawing at the mouth. If you notice these signs, perform the dog Heimlich maneuver right away and seek emergency veterinary care.
What To Do
Step 1: Inspect the Mouth Safely
Try to look inside your dog's mouth for any visible blockages. Gently open their mouth by pressing on the sides of their upper lips while tilting the head slightly upward. Use caution to avoid being bitten, as choking dogs may panic.
If you can see the object and it's easily accessible, try to remove it with your fingers. Never blindly probe the throat or use force that could push the object deeper.
Step 2: Perform Abdominal Thrusts
For small dogs: Hold your dog with their back against your chest and locate the soft area just below their ribcage. Make a fist with one hand and place it in this area, then use your other hand to apply quick, upward thrusts.
For large dogs: Stand behind your dog and wrap your arms around their waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it just below their ribcage, then use your other hand to pull in and upward with quick thrusts. Alternatively, lay them on their side and push inward and upward on their stomach.
Step 3: Check for Airflow
After each set of 5 thrusts, check your dog's mouth to see if the object has been dislodged. Look for improved breathing or coughing that might indicate partial clearing of the airway. Remove any visible objects that may have been pushed forward.
Continue alternating between thrusts and checking the mouth until the object is expelled or your dog begins breathing normally. If there's no improvement after 2-3 attempts, proceed immediately to emergency veterinary care.
Step 4: Seek Veterinary Evaluation
Even if the object is successfully removed and your dog appears normal, veterinary evaluation is essential. Hidden damage to the throat or airway may not be immediately obvious. Internal injuries can develop hours after the choking incident.
Call an emergency clinic before leaving to alert them of your arrival. This allows the team to prepare for your dog's needs.
Potential Serious Conditions
Choking can lead to several serious complications beyond the immediate airway blockage. Oxygen deprivation can cause brain damage within minutes. Struggling to breathe can also lead to stress on the heart and lungs.
Some objects may cause internal damage even after they're dislodged. Sharp items can tear delicate tissues in the throat or airway. Swallowed objects might still cause stomach blockages that require professional care.
Helping Your Pet Before the Vet Visit
Offer Small Amounts of Water
If your dog has expelled the object and is breathing normally, you may offer small sips of water to soothe their throat. Stop immediately if this causes coughing or stress. Call your veterinarian for guidance on when it's safe to offer water or food.
Monitor for Ongoing Signs
Watch your dog closely for signs of continued stress, such as coughing, gagging, or difficulty swallowing. Also monitor for low energy, reduced appetite, or unusual breathing patterns. These could indicate hidden damage that requires medical attention.
Preventing Future Choking
Prevention is the best approach to choking hazards. Choose appropriately sized toys and chews for your dog's breed and size. Avoid giving small objects that could be swallowed whole.
For dogs who eat too quickly, consider using slow-feeder bowls to pace their eating. Cut larger food items into appropriate sizes, especially for small dogs. Regularly inspect toys for damaged parts that could break off and become choking hazards.
We're Here to Help
We understand how frightening a choking emergency can be for both you and your dog. Our hospitals are equipped to handle airway emergencies with teams trained in emergency procedures.
For mild symptoms like occasional coughing or gagging that clears up quickly, contact your primary veterinarian for guidance. For severe symptoms like inability to breathe, blue gums, or collapse, call an emergency veterinarian immediately.
If you're not sure, call us — we can talk you through the situation.
Key Takeaways
- The dog Heimlich maneuver can save your pet's life during a choking emergency when performed correctly.
- Always seek veterinary evaluation after a choking incident, even if the object is successfully removed.
- Prevention remains the best strategy – choose appropriate toys and monitor chewing habits to reduce choking risks.
The information contained in the article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to take the place of the advice of a veterinarian.
